The Parliamentary Mandate: Its Constitutional and Legal Nature and Doctrinal Approaches to Its Essence

The article examines the constitutional and legal nature of the deputy mandate as a fundamental institution of parliamentarism. The author analyzes the historical development and doctrinal approaches to its essence, including the concepts of imperative, free, and mixed mandates. Special attention is given to foreign experience (France, Germany, Great Britain, CIS countries) and the practice of the Republic of Uzbekistan in light of the updated Constitution of 2023. The work demonstrates that the modern understanding of the mandate is oriented towards the concept of free representation with an increased emphasis on the deputy's responsibility to society. The challenges of the 21st century - digitalization, the growth of party discipline, and society's demand for parliamentarians' accountability - are highlighted.