DOI
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol5-iss4-pp35-44Keywords
quantum mechanics , quantum entanglement , superposition principle , quantum states , Mach-Zehnder interferometer , Mathematica computer algebra system , interference of entangled photons , computer demonstration , quantum teleportation , quantum mechanics course programAbstract
The paper is devoted to the methodology of studying the phenomenon of quantum entanglement in the course of quantum mechanics for students majoring in Physics. It is shown that it is important for university students to know about quantum entanglement, which is a key part of quantum mechanics, since it is necessary for understanding various interpretations of quantum mechanics and future technologies related to this field.
The experiments conducted on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are one of many experiments that convinced physicists that quantum mechanics cannot be described in terms of classical mechanics. In the case of the phenomenon under study, the photon does not follow one specific trajectory but must be described in terms of a quantum superposition of many trajectories.
It is proposed to study the phenomenon of quantum entanglement after mastering such topics as the postulates of quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger equation, the superposition principle, and the measurement problem, as well as after solving well-known traditional problems related to the semiclassical case. These topics create the necessary background and motivation for understanding the concept of entanglement and its implications for quantum systems. As an experimental technique, a demonstration of the operation of the simplest Mach-Zehnder interferometer manufactured by LD Didactic GmbH is proposed. For a computer demonstration of the phenomenon under study, the Mathematica computer algebra system and Wolfram products are used. As a result, it becomes possible to clearly show that quantum particles can be in a state of superposition, and thus the interferometer used is a powerful tool for revealing the fundamental nature of quantum mechanics.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Бахтияр Абдикамалoв , Райгул Хoжаназарoва (Автор)
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