Шизофрения как приоритетная научная тема профилактической медицины: современные взгляды и перспективные направления. Обзор литературы

Неъматжон Мамасалиев; Шавкат Исламов

doi:10.47689/2181-3663-vol4-iss2-pp43-52

Ne’matjon Mamasaliyev Tibbiyot fanlari doktori, professor, Andijon davlat tibbiyot instituti
Shavkat Islamov PhD, dotsent, Andijon davlat tibbiyot instituti

DOI

https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-3663-vol4-iss2-pp43-52

Kalit so‘zlar

shizofreniya , profilaktik tibbiyot , epidemiologiya , patogenez , xavf omillari , immun gipoteza , psixiatriya

Annotasiya

Ushbu maqolada shizofreniya profilaktik tibbiyotning ustuvor ilmiy mavzularidan biri sifatida tahlil qilinadi. So‘nggi o‘n yilliklardagi adabiyotlar ko‘rsatishicha, kasallikni o‘rganishning yuz yillik tarixiga qaramay, tashxis qo‘yish yondashuvlarida sezilarli kelishmovchiliklar saqlanib qolmoqda, bu esa yagona tushunchani ishlab chiqishni qiyinlashtiradi. Zamonaviy tadqiqotlar kasallikning rivojlanishida irsiy moyillik, asab tizimi buzilishlari va tashqi omillarning (perinatal ta’sirlar, psixoaktiv moddalar) ahamiyatini tasdiqlaydi. Ijobiy, salbiy va kognitiv alomatlarga, ularning birikmalari va bipolyar spektr buzilishlari bilan o‘zaro bog‘liqligiga alohida e’tibor qaratilmoqda.

Sharhda shizofreniya patogenezining yangi gipotezalari, jumladan immunologik, neyrorivoj, autoimmun, yallig‘lanish va sitokin gipotezalari batafsil yoritilgan bo‘lib, bu muammoning fanlararo xususiyatini ko‘rsatadi. Epidemiologik ma’lumotlar kasallikning barqaror tarqalishini (dunyo aholisining 0,3-0,7%), jins va yosh bo‘yicha farqlarni, shuningdek, nogironlik va o‘z joniga qasd qilish xavfining yuqoriligini ko‘rsatadi. Ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy rivojlanish darajasi past bo‘lgan mamlakatlarda kasallanishning o‘sishi kuzatilmoqda, bu esa erta profilaktika va istiqbolli kuzatuvning ahamiyatini oshiradi.

Mualliflar to‘plangan klinik-epidemiologik va fundamental tadqiqotlar psixiatriyaga profilaktik tibbiyotni joriy etish uchun ilmiy asoslangan poydevor yaratadi, degan xulosaga kelishgan. Shizofreniya bu nuqtai nazardan, ayniqsa xavf yuqori bo‘lgan va muammo yetarlicha o‘rganilmagan hududlarda tashxis qo‘yish, davolash, bashorat qilish va oldini olishga yangi yondashuvlarni ishlab chiqish uchun ustuvor mavzu sifatida qaralmoqda.

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Shizofreniya profilaktik tibbiyotning ustuvor ilmiy mavzusi sifatida: zamonaviy qarashlar va istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar. Adabiyotlar tahlili

Qanday qilib iqtibos keltirish kerak

Mamasaliyev, N. and Islamov, S. 2025. Shizofreniya profilaktik tibbiyotning ustuvor ilmiy mavzusi sifatida: zamonaviy qarashlar va istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar. Adabiyotlar tahlili. Profilaktik tibbiyot va salomlatlik. 4, 2 (Aug. 2025), 43–52. DOI:https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-3663-vol4-iss2-pp43-52.